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Cohn-Extraktion
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
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Die Cohn-Extraktion, synonym Cohn-Fraktionierung, ist eine Extraktion von Albuminen aus Blutplasma, die von dem US-amerikanischen Biochemiker Edwin J. Cohn (1892β1953) entwickelt wurde.
Contents
β’ Eigenschaften
β’ Geschichte
β’ Einzelnachweise
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Eigenschaften
Die Cohn-Extraktion ist eine Form der Plasmafraktionierung und besteht aus seriellen FΓ€llungen mit steigenden Ethanol-Konzentrationen und sinkendem pH-Wert und sinkender Temperatur. Die NiederschlΓ€ge entsprechen den Cohn-Fraktionen. Die dabei aufgereinigten Albumine behalten ihre biologische AktivitΓ€t.cite-ref-1[1] Die per Cohn-Extraktion gereinigten Albumine wurden nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg als Ersatz fΓΌr Blutplasma verwendet. Weiterhin wird durch die Cohn-Extraktion aus Rinderblut bovines Serumalbumin gereinigt.
| | Fraktion I | Fraktion II | Fraktion III | Fraktion IV | Fraktion V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol-Volumenanteil (%) | 8 | 25 | 18 | 40 | 40 |
| pH-Wert | 7,2 | 6,9 | 5,2 | 5,8 | 4,8 |
| Temperatur (Β°C) | β3 | β5 | β5 | β5 | β5 |
| Proteinfraktion (%) | 5,1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| Enthaltene Proteine | Fibrinogen [ 2 ] | Immunglobuline [ 3 ] | Mannan-bindendes Lektin [ 4 ] Serum-Amyloid P [ 4 ] Immunglobuline [ 3 ] Transcobalamin II [ 5 ] | Protein C [ 6 ] Ξ±1-Antitrypsin [ 7 ] Ξ±2-Macroglobulin [ 8 ] | Albumine [ 9 ] |
Geschichte
Die Cohn-Extraktion wurde 1946 von Edwin J. Cohn und L. E. Strong publiziert.cite-ref-10[10] SpΓ€ter wurde aus dem Chargenprozess (synonym Batch-Verfahren) ein kontinuierliches Verfahren entwickelt.cite-ref-11[11]
Einzelnachweise
cite-note-11. β Douglas Surgenor: Edwin J. Cohn and the Development of Protein Chemistry. In: The Center for Blood Research & Harvard Medical School, Center for Blood Research, 2002. ISBN 978-0-674-00962-2.
cite-note-21. K. D. Hamm, D. Steube, H. Pothe, R. Beer: Experimental studies in animals on the use of a fibrin glue from the human plasma fraction Cohn I in nerve reconstruction. In: Folia haematologica. Band 115, Nummer 1β2, 1988, S. 208β212, PMID 2459022.
cite-note-liu-32. Z. Liu, P. V. Gurgel, R. G. Carbonell: Purification of human immunoglobulins A, G and M from Cohn fraction II/III by small peptide affinity chromatography. In: Journal of chromatography. A. Band 1262, November 2012, S. 169β179, doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.026, PMID 23026261.
cite-note-kilpatrick-43. D. C. Kilpatrick: Isolation of human mannan binding lectin, serum amyloid P component and related factors from Cohn fraction III. In: Transfusion medicine. Band 7, Nummer 4, Dezember 1997, S. 289β294, PMID 9510927.
cite-note-54. E. V. Quadros, S. P. Rothenberg, Y. C. Pan, S. Stein: Purification and molecular characterization of human transcobalamin II. In: Journal of Biological Chemistry. Band 261, Nummer 33, November 1986, S. 15455β15460, PMID 3782074.
cite-note-65. S. Rezania, D. G. Ahn, K. A. Kang: Separation of protein C from Cohn Fraction IV-1 by mini-antibody. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Band 599, 2007, S. 125β131, PMID 17727256.
cite-note-76. C. Huangfu, J. Zhang, Y. Ma, J. Jia, J. Li, M. Lv, X. Ma, X. Zhao, J. Zhang: Large-scale purification of high purity Ξ±1-antitrypsin from Cohn Fraction IV with virus inactivation by solvent/detergent and dry-heat treatment. In: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. Band 65, Nummer 3, Mai 2018, S. 446β454, doi:10.1002/bab.1623, PMID 29072333.
cite-note-87. C. Huangfu, Y. Ma, M. Lv, J. Jia, X. Zhao, J. Zhang: Purification of Ξ±2-macroglobulin from Cohn Fraction IV by immobilized metal affinity chromatography: A promising method for the better utilization of plasma. In: Journal of Chromatography B. Band 1025, Juli 2016, S. 68β75, doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.05.013, PMID 27214605.
cite-note-98. K. Tanaka, E. M. Shigueoka, E. Sawatani, G. A. Dias, F. Arashiro, T. C. Campos, H. C. Nakao: Purification of human albumin by the combination of the method of Cohn with liquid chromatography. In: Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. Band 31, Nummer 11, November 1998, S. 1383β1388, PMID 9921272.
cite-note-1010. β E. J. Cohn, L. E. Strong: Preparation and properties of serum and plasma proteins; a system for the separation into fractions of the protein and lipoprotein components of biological tissues and fluids. In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. Band 68, MΓ€rz 1946, S. 459β475, PMID 21015743.
cite-note-1111. β P. R. Foster: The manufacture of blood plasma products in Scotland: a brief history. In: Scottish medical journal. Band 61, Nummer 1, Februar 2016, S. 34β41, doi:10.1177/0036933015619311, PMID 26610795.